Chapter 1  Introduction

  1.1  History of Chemistry

  1.2  Chemistry in Medicine

  1.3  Measurement of Matter: the SI Unit

  1.4  Quantitative Ways of Expressing Concentration

  1.5  Chapter Summary

  Review Questions

  Answers

  References

Chapter 2  Colligative Properties of Dilute Solutions

  2.1  Vapor Pressure Lowering

  2.2  Boiling Point Elevation and Freezing Point Depression

  2.3  Osmotic Pressure

  2.4  Chapter Summary

  Review Questions

  Answers

  References

Chapter 3  Solution Electrolyte

  3.1  Theory of Strong Electrolyte Solution

  3.2  Proton Theory of Acids and Bases

  3.3  Calculating the pH of Acid and Base Solution

  3.4  Chapter Summary

  Review Questions

  Answers

  References

Chapter 4  Buffer Solution

  4.1  Buffer Solution and How a Buffer Works

  4.2  Calculating the pH of a Buffer Solution

  4.3  Buffer Capacity and Buffer Range

  4.4  Preparing Buffer Solutions

  4.5  Buffer Solution in Human Blood

  4.6  Chapter Summary

  Review Questions

  Answers

  References

Chapter 5  Equilibria of Sparingly Soluble Ionic Compounds

  5.1  The Solubility Product Constant, Ksp

  5.2  The Relationship between Solubility and Ksp

  5.3  Predicting the Formation of a Precipitate: Q vs. Ksp

  5.4  Equilibria Shift

  5.5  Application of Ionic Equilibria to Medicine

  5.6  Chapter Summary

  Review Questions

  Answers

  References

Chapter 6  Colloids and Emulsions

  6.1  Introduction

  6.2  Colloid

  6.3  Sol

  6.4  Polymer Solution

  6.5  Chapter Summary

  Review Questions

  Answers

  References

Chapter 7  Chemical Thermodynamics

  7.1  The First Law: The Concepts

  7.2  The Extent of Chemical Reactions

  7.3  Indirect Determination of AH: Hess's Law

  7.4  Energy Values of Food

  7.5  Chapter Summary

  Review Questions

  Answers

  References

Chapter 8  The Direction and of Chemical Reactions Equilibrium

  8.1  Spontaneity: The Meaning of Spontaneous Change

  8.2  Entropy and Entropy Change

  8.3  Free Energy and Free Energy Change

  8.4  Standard Free Energy Change, AGe

  8.5  Relationship of AGe to AG for Nonstandard Conditions

  8.6  Relationship ofAGe to the Equilibrium Constant Ke

  8.7  Criteria for Spontaneous Change

  8.8  Altering Equilibrium Conditions: Le Ch~terlier's Principle

  8.9  The Le Chfitelier's Principle in Physiology

  8.10  Chapter Summary

  Review Questions

  Answers

  References

Chapter 9  Kinetics: Rates and Mechanisms of Chemical Reactions

  9.1  The Rates of Chemical Reactions

  9.2  Rate Laws and Reaction Order

  9.3  Rate Constant and Reaction Order

  9.4  Reaction Mechanisms: Steps in the Overall Reaction

  9.5  Theoretical Models for Chemical Kinetics

  9.6  The Effect of Temperature on Reaction Rates

  9.7  Catalysis

  9.8  Chapter Summary

  Review Questions

Chapter 10  Electrochemistry

  10.1  Oxidation-Reduction Reactions

  10.2  Voltaic Cell

  10.3  Electrode Potentials

  10.4  Free Energy and Electrical Work

  10.5  Predicting Spontaneous Reactions for Nonstandard Conditions

  10.6  Chapter Summary

  Review Questions

  Answers

  References

Chapter 11  Atomic Structure and Periodical Table

  11.1  The Discovery of Atomic Structure

  11.2  Atomic Spectrum and the Bohr Model of the Atom

  11.3  The Wave-Particle Duality of Matter and Energy

  11.4  The Atomic Orbital and the Probable Location of the Electron

  11.5  Quantum Numbers and Electron Orbitals

  11.6  Electron Configurations

  11.7  The Periodic Law and the Periodic Table

  11.8  Chapter Summary

  Review Questions

  Answers

  References

Chapter 12  Covalent and Intermolecular Forces Bonding

  12.1  The Covalent Bonding Model

  12.2  Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals

  12.3  Molecular Orbital (MO) Theory

  12.4  Delocalized Electrons: Bonding in the Benzene Molecule

  12.5  Intermolecular Forces

  12.6  Chapter Summary

  Review Questions

  Answers

  References

Chapter 13  Chemistry Compounds of Coordination