Chapter 1

Recognizing Anything: An Introduction to Imaging

Modalities

  Let There Be Light... and Dark, and Shades of Gray

  Conventional Radiography (Plain Films)

  Computed Tomography (CI or CAT Scans)

  Ultrasound (US)

  Magnetic Resonance imaging (MR )

  Terminology

  The Best System Is the Qne That Works

  Conventions Used in This Book

Chapter 2

Recognizing Normal Chest Anatomy and a Technically

Adequate Chest Radiograph

  The Normal Frontal Chest Radiograph

  The Lateral Chest Radiograph

  Five Key Areas on the Lateral Chest X-Ray

  Evaluating the Chest Radiograph for Technical Adequacy  

Chapter 3

Recognizing Airspace Versus Interstitial Lung

Disease  

  Classifying Parenchymal Lung Disease  

  Characteristics of Airspace Disease  ]

  Some Causes of Airspace Disease  

  Characteristics of Interstitial Lung Disease  

  Some Causes of Interstitial Lung Disease  

Chapter 4

Recognizing the Causes of an Opacified

Hemithorax  

  Atelectasis of the Entire Lung  

  Massive Pleural Effusion  

  Pneumonia of an Entire Lung  

  Postpneumonectomy  

Chapter 5

Recognizing Atelectasis  

  What Is Atelectasis?  

  Signs of Atelectasis  

  Types of Atelectasis  

  Patterns of Collapse in Lobar Atelectasis  

  How Atelectasis Resolves  

Chapter 6

Recognizing a Pleural Effusion  

  Normal Anatomy and Physiology of the Pleural Space  

  Causes of Heural Effusions  

  Types of Pleural Effusions  

  Side Specificity of Pleural Effusions  

  Recognizing the Different Appearances of Pleural Effusions  

  Loculated Effusions  

Chapter 7

Recognizing Pneumonia  

  General Considerations  

  General Characteristics of Pneumonia  SO

  Patterns of Pneumonia  

  Aspiration  

  Localizing Pneumonia  SS

  How Pneumonia Resolves  

Chapter 8

Recognizing Pneumothorax, Pneumomediastinum,

Pneumopericardium, and Subcutaneous

Emphysema  

  Recognizing a Pneumothoraxg

  Recognizing the Pitfalls in Overdiagnosing a Pneumothorax  

  Types of Pneumothoraces  

  Causes ofa Pneumothorax  

  Other Ways to Diagnose a Pneumothorax  

  Pulmonary Interstitial Emphysema  

  Recognizing Pneumomediastinum  

  Recognizing Pneumopericardium  

  Recognizing Subcutaneous Emphysema  

Chapter 9

Recognizing Adult Heart Disease  

  Recognizing an Enlarged Cardiac Silhouette  

  Pericardial Effusion  

  Extracardiac Causes of Apparent Cardiac Enlargement  

  Effect of Projection on Perception of Heart Size  

  Identifying Cardiac Enlargement on an Anteroposterior Chest

Radiograph  

  Recognizing Cardiomegaly on the Lateral Chest Radiographg

  Recognizing Cardiomegaly in Infants  

  Normal Cardiac Contours  

  Normal Pulmonary Vasculature  

  General Principles of Cardiac Imaging  

  Recognizing Common Cardiac Diseases  

Chapter 10

Recognizing the Correct Placement of Lines and Tubes:

Critical Care Radiology  

  Endotracheal and TracheostomyTubes  

  Intravascular Catheters  

  Pulmonary Drainage Tubes (Chest Tubes, Thoracotomy Tubes)  

  Cardiac Devices  

  Gastrointestinal Tubes and Lines

Chapter 11

Computed Tomography: Understanding the Basics and

Recognizing Normal Anatomy  

  Introduction to CT  

  Intravenous Contrast in CT Scanning  

  Oral Contrast in CTScanningg

  Normal Chest CT Anatomy

  Cardiac CT

  Abdominal CT

Chapter 12

Recognizing Diseases of the Chest

Mediastinal Masses

Anterior Mediastinum  g

Middle Mediastinum  ]  

Posterior Mediastinum  ]

  Solitary Nodule/Mass in the Lung

  Bronchogenic Carcinoma

  Metastatic Neoplasms in the Lung  t

  PulmonaryThromboembolic Disease

  Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

  BIebs and Bullae, Cysts and Cavities

  Bronchiectasis

Chapter 13

Recognizing the Normal Abdomen: Conventional

Radiographs

  What to Look For

  Normal Bowel Gas Pattern

  Normal Fluid Levels

  Differentiating Large from Small Bowel

  Acute Abdominal Series: The Views and What They Show

  Calcifications

  Organomegaly

Chapter 14

Recogni