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出版时间:2014年3月

出版社:世界图书出版公司

以下为《固体中的扩散》的配套数字资源,这些资源在您购买图书后将免费附送给您:
  • 世界图书出版公司
  • 9787510070204
  • 85620
  • 2014年3月
  • 未分类
  • 未分类
  • O482
内容简介
  扩散第一及第二定律及其在各种条件下的解反映了原子扩散的宏观规律,这些规律为解决许多与扩散有关的实际问题奠定了基础。在扩散定律中,扩散系数是衡量原子扩散能力的非常重要的参数,到目前为止它还是一个未知数。为了求出扩散系数,首先要建立扩散系数与扩散的其他宏观量和微观量之间的联系,这是扩散理论的重要内容。事实上,宏观扩散现象是微观中大量原子的无规则跳动的统计结果。从原子的微观跳动出发,研究扩散的原子理论、扩散的微观机制以及微观理论与宏观现象之间的联系是本节的主要内容。
目录

1 History and Bibliography of Diffusion


 1.1 Pioneers and Landmarks of Diffusion References


 1.2 Bibliography of Solid-State Diffusion


Part I Fundamentals of Diffusion


2 Continuum Theory of Diffusion


 2.1 Fick's Laws in Isotropic Media


  2.1.1 Fick's First Law


  2.1.2 Equation of Continuity


  2.1.3 Fick's Second Law - the 'Diffusion Equation'


 2.2 Diffusion Equation in Various Coordinates


 2.3 Fick's Laws in Anisotropic Media


  References


3 Solutions of the Diffusion Equation


 3.1 Steady-State Diffusion


 3.2 Non-Steady-State Diffusion in one Dimension


  3.2.1 Thin-Film Solution


  3.2.2 Extended Initial Distribution


  and Constant Surface Concentration


  3.2.3 Method of Laplace Transformation


  3.2.4 Diffusion in a Plane Sheet - Separation of Variables


  3.2.5 Radial Diffusion in a Cylinder


  3.2.6 Radial Diffusion in a Sphere


 3.3 Point Source in one, two, and three Dimensions


  References


4 Random Walk Theory and Atomic Jump Process


 4.1 Random Walk and Diffusion


  4.1.1 A Simplified Model


  4.1.2 Einstein-Smoluchowski Relation


  4.1.3 Random Walk on a Lattice


  4.1.4 Correlation Factor


 4.2 Atomic Jump Process


 References


6 Point Defects in Crystals


 5.1 Pure Metals


  5.1.1 Vacancies


  5.1.2 Divacancies


  5.1.3 Determination of Vacancy Properties


  5.1.4 Self-Interstitials


 5.2 Substitutional Binary Alloys.


  5.2.1 Vacancies in Dilute Alloys


  5.2.2 Vacancies in Concentrated Alloys


 5.3 Ionic Compounds


  5.3.1 Frenkel Disorder


  5.3.2 Schottky Disorder


 5.4 Intermetallics


 5.5 Semiconductors


  References


6 Diffusion Mechanisms


 6.1 Interstitial Mechanism


 6.2 Collective Mechanisms


 6.3 Vacancy Mechanism


 6.4 Divacancy Mechanism


 6.5 Interstitialcy Mechanism


 6.6 Interstitial-substitutional Exchange Mechanisms


 References


7 Correlation in Solid-State Diffusion


 7.1 Interstitial Mechanism


 7.2 Interstitialcy Mechanism


 7.3 Vacancy Mechanism of Self-diffusion


  7.3.1 A 'Rule of Thumb'


  7.3.2 Vacancy-tracer Encounters


  7.3.3 Spatial and Temporal Correlation


  7.3.4 Calculation of Correlation Factors


 7.4 Correlation Factors of Self-diffusion


 7.5 Vacancy-mediated Solute Diffusion


  7.5.1 Face-Centered Cubic Solvents


  7.5.2 Body-Centered Cubic Solvents


  7.5.3 Diamond Structure Solvents


 7.6 Concluding Remarks


 References


8 Dependence of Diffusion on Temperature and Pressure


 9 Isotope Effect ofDiffusion


 10 Interdiffusion and Kirkendall Effect


 11 Diffusion and External Driving Forces


 12 Irreversible Thermodynamics and Diffusion


 Part II Experimental Methods


 13 Direct Diffusion Studies


 14 Mechanical Spectroscopy


 15 Nuclear Methods


 16 Electrical Methods


Part III Difrusion in Metallic Materials


 17 Self-diflusion in Metals


 18 Difrusion of Interstitial Solutes in Metals


 19 Diffusion in Dilute Substitutional Alloys


 20 Diffusion in Binary Intermetallics


 21 Diffusion in Quasicrystalline Alloys


Part IV Diffusion in Semiconductors


 22 General Remarks on Semiconductors


 23 Self-diflusion in Elemental Semiconductors


 24 Foreign-Atom Diffusion in Silicon and Germanium


 25 Interstitial-Substitutional Diffusion


Part V Diffusion and Conduetion in Ionic Materials


 26 Ionic Crystals


 27 Fast Ion Conductors


Part VI Difrusion in Glasses


 28 The Glassy State


 29 Diffusion in Metallic Glasses


 30 Difrusion and Ionic Conduction in Oxide Glasses


Part VII Diffusion along High—Diffusivity Paths and in Nanomaterials


 31 High-diffusivity Paths in Metals


 32 Grain-Boundary Diffusion


 33 Dislocation Pipe Diffusion


 34 Diffusion in Nanocrystalline Materials


Index